Microscopy is a powerful tool for building material investigations. The understanding of the relationship between microstructure and mineralogical features provides answers where other methods fail. Materials such as concrete, mortar, masonry, bricks, renders, coats, floor pavements, etc. can be analysed using different optical methods (transmitted and reflected light, normal, polarised and ultraviolet light). The scope of the microscopic analysis is extremely varied, for example:

The results of the microscopic analysis allow to check the building materials in terms of quality specifications (mix design, placing, curing, etc.), to evaluate its durability, to identify damage mechanisms, to provide valuable information for the development of new construction materials, to control the results of mechanical, physical and chemical testing, etc.

Method

The microscopic examination of concrete and mortar is carried out on thin sections made from a concrete core or mortar piece impregnated with a special fluorescent dye. Under the microscope in transmitted ultraviolet light, this method permits a clear distinction of the three concrete texture components: aggregates, hardened cement paste and voids. The microscopic texture analysis allows to check whether the durability as well as the quality specifications of concrete with special attention on the components and aggregates used, mix design, batching and mixing, placing and curing are complied with. This method of control not only permits detection of defects in the concrete during placing, but also a diagnosis of their causes. Prevention or correction of such defects is therefore possible.

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